Asthma in Children

Asthma is a disease that is often found in children. Incidence of asthma increased in almost all over the world, both developed countries and developing countries including Indonesia. This increase was allegedly associated with increased industry so that the level of pollution is high.

Although based on clinical experience and various studies of asthma is a disease that is often found in children, but the clinical picture of asthma in children vary greatly, even the severity of attacks and frequent-infrequent attacks change from time to time. As a result of this disorder kadagkala undiagnosed or misdiagnosed, causing a strong treatment is not ade.

Generally, clinical symptoms dtandai with shortness of breath and wheezing (breathing that sounds). Group of suspected child asthma are children who show cough and / or incurred by episodic wheezing, inclined at night / early morning, seasonal, after activity, and a history of asthma and atopy in patients and their families.

Is it asthma?

Based on the definition and clinical experience Godfrey Scadding, asthma in children is a disease that is characterized by wide variations in short periods of time than the air flow resistance in the lung airways that manifests as recurrent coughing or wheezing attacks separated by symptom-free interval.

What changes occur on the network?

Reduction in airway diameter
Changes in respiratory muscle response
Impaired autonomic innervation in the regulation of airway smooth muscle
Damage to the respiratory tract mucosa epithelial cells

These factors trigger asthma in children:

Emotional factors, emotional disturbances can cause airway constriction
Factors immunological / allergy; now has a lot of evidence that allergy is one of the important factors of developing asthma. Atopy is a real risk factor that can cause asthma symptoms.
Non-allergic factors, viral infections / bacterial and irritant substances / pollutants.

Is atopy that?

Atopy is the origin of disease caused by allergies / reactions are frequently encountered imunologis.Beberapa allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, urticaria, allergic to the weather and food / certain substances, and others. Must be traced the history of the disease over the entire family.

Prevention efforts

Efforts to prevent asthma in children can be done in two ways, namely asthma in children has not yet manifest and the manifest.

Preventive measures in children not manifest:

• Preventing sesitisasi in children; although genetic factors are important factors, but environmental factors influenced manifestations. Penghindaraan of foods that have a high level of alerginitis both pregnant and lactating mothers and the child.
• Parents, especially mothers are encouraged not to smoke.
• Prevention of respiratory tract infection and its aftermath.
• Granting exclusive ation will provide immunity and immunological effects in children.

Preventive measures in children who already manifest:

• Menhindarkan trigger factors; alergan food, inhalation, irritant substances, viral infections / bacterial, avoid heavy physical exercise, weather changes and emotional as trigger factors.
• The use of drugs, to cope with an asthma attack.

The things that must be considered in a child's asthma

• Avoid eating foods containing colas, sodas, nuts, cold drinks / ice, fried.
• Avoid dust mites are often found in mattress dust and kapok pillows, blankets, floors, carpet, draperies, home furnishings. should drawer / shelf cleaned with a damp cloth, draperies and blankets are washed every 2 weeks, carpet, magazines, toys, books and clothes that are rarely used outside the bedroom laid and flooring dipel every day.
• Avoid substances that irritate; hair spray, perfume, cigarette smoke, smoke, mosquito coils, the sharp smell of paint, the smell of chemicals, polluted air, air and cold water.
• Before performing a physical activity should not do heavy physical activity, prior to physical activity should warm up first, and if necessary administration of drugs before the move.