Researchers from the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Tjandrawati M Ozef, and his colleagues have conducted a series of studies on the efficacy of breadfruit leaves. The results were submitted Tjandrawati in a seminar on Research and Development Agency Ministry of Health some time ago.
Heart disease and blood vessels growing into major problems along with the changes in people's Lifestyles. The pattern of diet high in animal fat and physical inactivity bad habit of smoking into installments risk factors trigger heart problems and blood vessels.
Seeing this trend, the researchers LIPI 42 filter plants that are considered influential on the cardiovascular system. Options examined more in far to the breadfruit.
All parts of breadfruit plants containing flavonoids. A number of flavone derivatives have been isolated and identified from the roots and branches of plants before. "The plant has a distinctive flavonoids," he said.
Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is included in family Moraceae family aka Mulberry.
Plants are grown in tropical regions, like Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia. Tjandrawati revealed, the Indonesian people traditionally use the leaves of breadfruit for the treatment of liver diseases, inflammation, heart, kidney, tooth pain, and itching.
Taiwan society has traditionally used the roots and stems for the treatment of heart disease and hypertension. "People use the breadfruit to treatment by boiling the leaves, but still less known to the specific content of major benefit, how to use, and dose," he said.
Departing from the empirical experience of the community, Tjandrawati interested in researching more about the potential of breadfruit leaves. Through long research since 2004, breadfruit plants successfully proved his usefulness. In the study, made into a breadfruit leaf extract. Components extracted with ethanol, three flavonoid compounds and Beta-sitoserol which is then examined usefulness.
Studies on the efficacy of breadfruit leaves covering platelet aggregation (clumping of platelets), blood viscosity (blood viscosity) and acute ischemia (lack of blood flow to the heart).
The study also includes atherosclerosis (thickening of artery walls due to fat accumulation) which includes the accumulation of lipids (fats) in the aorta, and blood cholesterol.
Test efficacy in vitro (in artificial environments) and in vivo (in living body) of the plant extract showed very good results.
Studies in vivo, for example, concluded that the ethyl acetate extract containing flavonoids and beta-sitoserol with a ratio of 100 mg / kg and 20 mg / kg could inhibit platelet aggression, reduces blood viscosity, and protect the protect the heart from acute ischemia.
Next, test the efficacy of ethyl acetate extract on blood cholesterol levels and fat accumulation in the aortic vessel wall in Wistar rats showed that the ethyl acetate extract dose of 150 mg / kg body weight can lower blood cholesterol levels significantly.
Breadfruit is also able to inhibit fat accumulation in the aortic blood vessel walls. "There was no accumulation of fat," said Tjandrawati.
Power Poison
In that study also tested the toxicity of the breadfruit leaf extract. The good news, subkronis toxicity tests conducted for 90 days in Sprague Dawley strain white mice concluded that administration of ethyl acetate extract of leaves of breadfruit with varying doses, the test dose of 83.33 mg / kg body weight per day, 166.65 mg / kg weight weight per day, and 333.35 mg / kg body weight per day did not affect the functioning of the heart, kidneys, liver or blood profiles.
Acute toxicity test in male and female ICR mice using high doses of total flavonoids 4.5 g / kg body weight and Beta-sitoserol 2.5 g / kg body weight showed no weight loss, weight and even tend to rise. Observations on the behavior of test animals during experiments such as how to test animals to walk, eat, drink well and the brightness of the eyes and feathers also showed no signs of poisoning.
Tjandrawati said, it can be concluded that administration of high doses of total flavonoids and beta-sitoserol in ICR mice did not show any toxic effects of test animals.
Head of Research Center for Chemistry LIPI, Broto Sugeng said the prospect of a formula worked out by LIPI is very large because the future can be produced as standardized herbal medicine and fitofarmaka.
Now, LIPI actively researching a number of plants that are considered nutritious. If you want to be developed into fitofarmaka, clinical trials are still needed. Extract flavonoids and beta-sitoserol of breadfruit leaf itself has now been patented.
Now, LIPI actively researching a number of plants that are considered nutritious. If you want to be developed into fitofarmaka, clinical trials are still needed. Extract flavonoids and beta-sitoserol of breadfruit leaf itself has now been patented.
By Indira Permanasari
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